[left side] recognition as white, and if that fails as Indians. In the United States Census of 1920, 304 succeeded in being listed as Indians, while in 1900 there were none such, and in 1910 only seven. Another group of considerable size, making vociferous claims to being Indians, is being shown to be chiefly of negro and white composition and will be forbidden further intermarriage with whites. A number of cases has already been called to my attention of reversion under Mendel's law when children of marked negro characteristics were born when both parents were supposed to be white, investigation revealing that one of the parents was of mixed blood. Can a more humiliating occurrence be imagined for a white woman of refined sensibilities? The first eighteen months of our experience with this new law reveals a degree of racial intermixture previously unknown, and shows that our State has already made a decided start in race amalgamation. The situation is certainly as bad in all of the Southern States, and worse in some. The only positive remedy for the situation is that advocated by Lincoln and other far-seeing statesmen, the absolute separation of the races. This will meet with opposition on the part of those who are willing to sacrifice the future salvation of the white race for the temporary and selfish gain to be derived from the use of cheap negro labor. Unless this can be done we have little to hope for, but may expect the future decline or complete destruction of our present civilization, as has already been brought about in Egypt, India, South Africa, South America and the portions of Southern Europe which have been supplying us with the larger part of our immigrants. Under the new act of Congress much of this immigration and that of Mongolians will be stopped, but people of all grades of mixture [20] [right side] from South America, Mexico, and the West Indies still have free access to our country. In the attempt to solve this problem the best that we have to hope for is to attempt, as we have done in Virginia, to hold off the evil day until the American people see the danger and are ready to adopt radical methods of cure. The first thing to do, and in that members of the Southern Medical Association can take a leading part, is to arouse a more healthy public sentiment against racial intermixture, whether it be legally by marriage, or by illegitimate births. The second effort must be to secure rigorous laws in all the States preventing the intermarriage of white persons and those with even a trace of negro blood. The third measure, and the most difficult, embraces both of the others, and will be aimed at preventing the greatest amount of intermixture which is of illegitimate origin. This can be best accomplished by the public instruction of young men and schoolboys as to the crime against society and the white race of being a party to illegitimate mixture. Along with this, adequate laws should be enacted to prevent illegitimate births by making the father responsible for the expense to the mother during her confinement and for the maintenance of the child afterwards. This would tend to make man more cautious and prevent many cases of illegitimace now frequently considered by them as a joke. Aside from its deterring effects in the prevention of racial intermixture, it is but a matter of common justice that the man should share with the woman the odium and burden of such misdeeds. Much of the money and effort now being expended by health departments is directed to increasing the number and prolonging the lives of the unfit. All know that when work of a personal nature is done, this class is much more accessible than more worthy people who may be in equal need of advice and assistance, and as nearly all worker follow the lines of least [21] [end]