ID# 1377:
The Jukes in 1915, by Arthur H. Estabrook, selected pages
Date:
1916
Pages: (1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10|11|12|13|14|15)
Source:
University of Albany, SUNY, Estabrook, SPE,XMS 80.9 Bx 2

<i>The Jukes in 1915</i>, by Arthur H. Estabrook, selected pages

62 The Jukes in 1915. nite conclusions as to the significance of the sexual reactions of that individual. And these intimate facts are very difficult for the investigator to secure. 2. Pauperism. In 1874 Dugdale recorded 148 Jukes and 58 of "X" blood who received pauper relief either in their own homes or in almshouses. The cost of this poor relief from 1800 to 1875 was $20,680. Many of the poormaster's books were missing in Dugdale's time; in fact, only one-third of the poor records of that period were available to Dugdale for study. Since 1875, as before, each poor-master has kept his own records and these are very incomplete. At the end of the poor-master's term of office the record was either purposely destroyed or often thrown away as valueless. I have been unable, therefore, to make complete research into the amount of outdoor relief given to the Jukes in their homes during the past 40 years. The amount of almshouse care is taken from official records. When poor relief is noted in the description, the data come from official record or the memory of poor-masters or other reliable persons. The statistical summary gives 129 Jukes and 48 of "X" blood receiving poor relief to the extent of 815 years, and 170 Jukes and 19 of "X" blood receiving almshouse care to the extent of 495 years. Dugdale estimated the cost of poor relief to 1875 at $20,680. As outdoor relief now averages $30 a year per recipient in the Juke region, and almshouse or institutional care (for children) will average $150 per year, the total cost of the poor relief since that time is estimated at $2,430 for out-door relief and $60,600 in almshouse care, making a total of $83,710 of public money disbursed for poor relief. The amount of institutional care, classified according to generation, since generation V, when Dugdale stopped, is given in table 8. Institutional care is classified among almshouses, Children's Homes, or House of Refuge commitments. Previous to 1875 there were no special institutions for children, and as these have developed there has been less almshouse care of them and more intelligent and far-sighted care in children's and other institutions. There is an apparent decrease in the amount of institutional care given the Jukes, but it must be noted that generations VII and VIII are in part still reproducing and others may be born into them who will receive institutional care. It is self-evident that the receiving of poorhouse and outdoor relief is an evidence of weakness. The cause of the weakness may be varied. In many cases it is the illness of one or the other wage-earner, or the physiologic stress of childbirth in women. Other causes are inefficiency and ignorance (unemployableness). The former may be inherited or may be acquired by disease. The question of the inheritance of industry will be discussed [tabular material] Table 8. [end tablular material] [end]

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